Install postgresql;
$ prt-get depinst postgresql
# mkdir /srv/pgsql/
# touch /var/log/postgresql
# chown postgres:postgres /srv/pgsql /var/log/postgresql
# sudo -u postgres initdb -D /srv/pgsql/data
Configure syslog-ng first, configuration example contains rules for postgresql as is configured in this document.
destination d_postgres { file("/var/log/pgsql"); };
filter f_postgres { facility(local0) and program("postgresql)"; };
log { source(s_src); filter(f_postgres); destination(d_postgres);};
filter f_messages { level(info,notice,warn)
and not facility(auth,authpriv,cron,daemon,mail,news,local0); };
filter f_daemon { facility(daemon, local0)
and not filter(f_debug)
and not program("vh_tribu")
and not program("vh_tribu_error");};
Create /etc/logrotate.d/postgres;
/var/log/pgsql {
weekly
compress
delaycompress
rotate 10
notifempty
create 660 postgres postgres
}
$ sudo openssl genrsa -des3 -out /etc/ssl/keys/pg.key 2048
Password:
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
..............................+++
............+++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
Enter pass phrase for /etc/ssl/keys/pg.key:
Verifying - Enter pass phrase for /etc/ssl/keys/pg.key:
Create ceritificate signing request. For "Common Name" provide domain name or ip address, leave challange password and optional company name blank;
$ sudo openssl req -x509 -in server.req -text -key /etc/ssl/keys/pg.key -out /etc/ssl/certs/pg.crt
Enter pass phrase for /etc/ssl/keys/pg.key:
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:PT
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:
Locality Name (eg, city) []:
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:
Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []:machine.example.org
Email Address []:
Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:
An optional company name []:
$
Having password is a good idea, but requires it every time pg is restarted. To remove;
$ sudo cp /etc/ssl/keys/pg.key /etc/ssl/keys/pg.key.pass
$ sudo openssl rsa \
-in /etc/ssl/keys/pg.key.pass \
-out /etc/ssl/keys/pg.key
Enter pass phrase for /etc/ssl/keys/pg.key.pass:
writing RSA key
$ sudo chown postgres:postgres /etc/ssl/keys/pg.key*
$ sudo chmod 0600 /etc/ssl/keys/pg.key*
$ sudo chmod 644 /etc/ssl/certs/pg.cert
Change /etc/rc.d/postgresql;
#
# /etc/rc.d/postgresql: start, stop or restart PostgreSQL server postmaster
#
PG_DATA=/srv/pgsql/data
case "$1" in
start|stop|status|restart|reload)
sudo -u postgres pg_ctl -D "$PG_DATA" -l /var/log/postgresql "$1"
;;
*)
echo "usage: $0 start|stop|restart|reload|status"
;;
esac
# End of file
Edit /srv/pgsql/data/postgresql.conf;
ssl = on # (change requires restart)
ssl_cert_file = '/etc/ssl/certs/pg.crt' # (change requires restart)
ssl_key_file = '/etc/ssl/keys/pg.key' # (change requires restart)
password_encryption = scram-sha-256
jit = off
log_destination = 'syslog'
syslog_facility = 'LOCAL0'
log_connections = on
log_disconnections = on
log_duration = on
log_hostname = on
log_line_prefix = 'd=$d u=% %m [%p] ' # special values:
Create password for the super user postgres, login to postgresql;
$ sudo -u postgres psql -U postgres
Create password for postgres user;
postgres=# \password
Enter new password:
Enter it again:
postgres=#
Configure pg_hba.conf in the next step to enforce authentication.
Edit /srv/pgsql/data/pg_hba.conf;
# TYPE DATABASE USER ADDRESS METHOD
# "local" is for Unix domain socket connections only
local all postgres scram-sha-256
#local all postgres trust
# IPv4 local connections:
host all postgres 127.0.0.1/32 scram-sha-256
# IPv6 local connections:
host all postgres ::1/128 scram-sha-256
# Allow replication connections from localhost, by a user with the
# replication privilege.
local replication postgres scram-sha-256
host replication postgres 127.0.0.1/32 scram-sha-256
host replication postgres ::1/128 scram-sha-256
Restart server to enforce authentication from now on;
# /etc/rc.d/postgresql start
Create a new user with createuser command;
$ sudo -u postgres createuser --pwprompt --encrypted \
--no-createrole --no-createdb user_name
Enter password for new user:
Enter it again:
Deleting user with dropuser command;
sudo -u postgres dropuser user_name
Update password of a user;
$ sudo -u postgres psql
postgres=#\password user_name;
This will set password using hash / encryption method selected on postgresql.conf
$ sudo -u postgres psql
postgres=# \dg
Create a new database named db_name for user_name with createdb command;
$ sudo -u postgres createdb --template=template0 --encoding=UTF8 \
--owner=user_name db_name
Deleting database with dropdb command;
sudo -u postgres dropdb -U postgres db_name
List roles then list databases;
postgres=# \l
Dump all databases
$ pg_dumpall -U postgres | gzip > cluster_dump.gz
Restore dumpfile of all databases;
$ gzip -c cluster_dump.gz | psql -U postgres
Restore a database;
$ psql -U user_name -d db_name -f db_name_dump
Lets check with psql, login with user postgres;
$ sudo -u postgres psql
First show help;
postgres=# \?
Connect to a db_name as user_name;
postgres=# \c db_name user_name
postgres=# create database db_name owner user_name encoding 'UTF-8' template template0;
This example assumes that all tables, are in public schema. First revoke previously granted privileges from one or more roles;
postgres=# revoke ALL PRIVILEGES on db_name from user_name;
Drop all tables on public schema and recreate public schema;
postgres=# \c db_name
db_name=# drop schema public cascade;
db_name=# create schema public;
Tools Index
This is part of the LeetIO System Documentation. Copyright (C) 2021 LeetIO Team. See the file Gnu Free Documentation License for copying conditions.